Description of the state structure of Nepal
The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is located in South Asia. Following the republic’s establishment, the state underwent restructuring, classifying Nepal into various administrative and territorial levels. This page contains details about the state structure in Nepal.
Three Levels of Government In Nepal
There are three primary levels of government in Nepal: federal, provincial, and local, each with its type of government elected by the people.
The federal government is at the central level, and below it are seven provinces (Pradesh in Nepali) and 753 local bodies. Local bodies are classified into four levels: metropolitan, sub-metropolitan, municipality, and rural municipal. The Nepali names for these are Mahanagarpalika, Upa-Mahanagarpalika, Nagarpalika, and Gaunpalika, respectively.
Furthermore, each local level is divided into several territorial parts, known as wards. Wards are under local government, but also have their own elected ward administration committees and offices.
Functions of Governments
The federal government runs the government through the capital of Nepal, which governs the country through various ministries, including foreign relations. In addition, the central government coordinates with all provinces.
Provincial governments conduct the administrative and development functions of their respective provinces. This government has various ministries and parliaments, such as the central government.
However, the provincial government does not have some important rights, such as foreign policy, running the army, and printing its own currency.
Likewise, the local level, which is the lowest but has direct contact with the people, handles the people’s daily essential work. The local government also conducts various development activities within its geographical area.
- Click Here to learn about The Federal government Of Nepal
- Click here to learn about the provinces in Nepal
- Click Here to learn about the Local Levels in Nepal
District in Nepal
In addition, Nepal traditionally has a district-level territorial unit. After the state restructuring, Nepal was classified into 77 districts (Jilla in Nepali); there were 75 districts in the past.
The district is the main regional division of Nepal under the province. All states have a different number of districts.
Thus, Nepal has three governors from the central to the local level. These are the federal government (central government), provincial and municipal governments, and ward administrations within municipalities.
In each, elected representatives of the people run the government, and employees assist in administrative work.
However, we must also remember Nepal does not have elected governments or representatives at the district level. However, the district has powerful administrators, including the District’s administrative chief (CDO), the court, and the District Security officials.
In addition, a district coordination committee has also been formed at the district level to coordinate local bodies in the district.
Apart from this, There are district-level divisional administrators of various institutions and government bodies.
Provision Of Federal and Provincial Constituency (area for Parliamentary Elections) In Nepal
The Constitution of Nepal includes a provision for forming the federal Parliament, called the House of Representatives.
For this, the country is divided into 165 constituencies, and 165 MPs win elections from various parliamentary constituencies to become members of the House of Representatives.
There is a provision for forming provincial parliaments in each province.
For this, 330 constituencies have been declared throughout the country. From there, 330 provincial parliament members are elected.
According to the rule, two provincial parliamentary members can be elected from each federal constituency.